前提環境
raidz2、UEFI/GPTブート、swapはgmirror
Partitioning > Auto (ZFS) でインストール
ZFS Configuration Pool Type/Disks: → raidz2: 8 disks PoolName zroot Force 4K Sectors? YES Encrypt Disks? NO Partition Scheme GPT (BIOS+UEFI) Swap Size 8g Mirror Swap? NO → YES Encrypt Swap? NO
$ gpart show ada0
=> 40 1953525088 ada1 GPT (932G)
40 409600 1 efi (200M)
409640 1024 2 freebsd-boot (512K)
410664 984 - free - (492K)
411648 16777216 3 freebsd-swap (8.0G)
17188864 1936334848 4 freebsd-zfs (923G)
1953523712 1416 - free - (708K)
デグレード
ada1 がトラブルで detached > zpool REMOVED
$ zpool status pool: zroot state: DEGRADED status: One or more devices has been removed by the administrator. Sufficient replicas exist for the pool to continue functioning in a degraded state. action: Online the device using 'zpool online' or replace the device with 'zpool replace'. scan: none requested config: NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM zroot DEGRADED 0 0 0 raidz2-0 DEGRADED 0 0 0 ada0p4 ONLINE 0 0 0 753047756040194058 REMOVED 0 0 0 was /dev/ada1p4 ada2p4 ONLINE 0 0 0 ada3p4 ONLINE 0 0 0 ada4p4 ONLINE 0 0 0 errors: No known data errors
復旧
ada1 のディスクを物理交換
パーティション設定
(空なのを確認)
$ gpart show ada1
gpart: No such geom: ada1.
(パーティションを複製)
$ gpart backup ada0 > gpart.txt
$ cat gpart.txt
GPT 128
1 efi 40 409600 efiboot0
2 freebsd-boot 409640 1024 gptboot0
3 freebsd-swap 411648 16777216 swap0
4 freebsd-zfs 17188864 1936334848 zfs0
# cat gpart.txt | gpart restore ada1
(確認)
$ gpart show ada1
=> 40 1953525088 ada1 GPT (932G)
40 409600 1 efi (200M)
409640 1024 2 freebsd-boot (512K)
410664 984 - free - (492K)
411648 16777216 3 freebsd-swap (8.0G)
17188864 1936334848 4 freebsd-zfs (923G)
1953523712 1416 - free - (708K)
zpool リプレース
# zpool replace zroot 753047756040194058 ada1p4 Make sure to wait until resilver is done before rebooting. If you boot from pool 'zroot', you may need to update boot code on newly attached disk 'ada1p4'. Assuming you use GPT partitioning and 'da0' is your new boot disk you may use the following command: gpart bootcode -b /boot/pmbr -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 da0 (確認) $ zpool status pool: zroot state: DEGRADED status: One or more devices is currently being resilvered. The pool will continue to function, possibly in a degraded state. action: Wait for the resilver to complete. scan: resilver in progress since Fri Mar 8 12:53:58 2024 1.80T scanned at 1.15G/s, 238G issued at 2.74G/s, 1.80T total 4.84G resilvered, 12.96% done, 0 days 00:09:44 to go config: NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM zroot DEGRADED 0 0 0 raidz2-0 DEGRADED 0 0 0 ada0p4 ONLINE 0 0 0 replacing-1 REMOVED 0 0 0 753047756040194058 REMOVED 0 0 0 was /dev/ada1p4/old ada1p4 ONLINE 0 0 0 ada2p4 ONLINE 0 0 0 ada3p4 ONLINE 0 0 0 ada4p4 ONLINE 0 0 0 errors: No known data errors
ブートコード更新
2 freebsd-boot なので -i 2
# gpart bootcode -b /boot/pmbr -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 2 ada1 partcode written to ada1p2 bootcode written to ada1
ESP(EFI System Partition) 更新
1 efi なので ada1p1
# newfs_msdos -F 16 -L EFISYS /dev/ada1p1 # mkdir /tmp/esp # mount -t msdosfs /dev/ada1p1 /tmp/esp # mkdir -p /tmp/esp/efi/boot # cp /boot/loader.efi /tmp/esp/efi/boot/BOOTx64.efi # echo 'BOOTx64.efi' >> /tmp/esp/efi/boot/startup.nsh (確認) # cd /tmp/esp/ # find . . ./efi ./efi/boot ./efi/boot/BOOTx64.efi ./efi/boot/startup.nsh (アンマウント) # umount /tmp/esp
※ （既存の）ESPのファイルシステム確認
# file -s /dev/ada0p1 /dev/ada0p1: DOS/MBR boot sector, code offset 0x3c+2, OEM-ID "BSD4.4 ", sectors/cluster 16, root entries 512, sectors/FAT 100, sectors/track 63, heads 16, sectors 409600 (volumes > 32 MB), serial number 0xc7190f1d, label: "EFISYS ", FAT (16 bit)
swap (gmirror) 復旧
(確認)
$ gmirror status
Name Status Components
mirror/swap DEGRADED ada0p3 (ACTIVE)
...
# gmirror forget swap
(確認)
$ gmirror status
Name Status Components
mirror/swap COMPLETE ada0p3 (ACTIVE)
...
# gmirror insert -v swap ada1p3
Done.
(確認)
$ gmirror status
Name Status Components
mirror/swap DEGRADED ada0p3 (ACTIVE)
ada1p3 (SYNCHRONIZING, 17%)
...
↓
$ gmirror status
Name Status Components
mirror/swap COMPLETE ada0p3 (ACTIVE)
ada1p3 (ACTIVE)
...
参考
- ZFS on Root (ZROOT) なファイルシステムを持つ FreeBSD の HDD 交換手順 - Knowledge 2023
- FreeBSD10でRAID-Z2のディスク交換をしたメモ #FreeBSD - Qiita 2021
- zfsのraid-z2の復旧: MOR's Weblog 2021
- ZFSでディスクを交換する時はgpart backup/restoreが便利 [のふ処|NOFUDOKORO] 2016
UEFI+BIOS両用のGPTディスクの場合、freebsd-bootはada0p2になっている。もし実行例のとおり-i 1のままだと、EFIパーティションが破壊されてUEFIからブートできなくなる。またfreebsd-bootはレガシーBIOS経由のとき使われるブートコードなので、UEFIからブートする場合に使われるEFIパーティションも更新しなければいけない。現状でレガシーBIOS経由で起動していると気付かないまま放置してしまい、あとでUEFI経由で起動しようとしてハマる可能性がある。
ESPの作成
...
容量はお好みで。参考までにFreeBSDのインストーラは200MBで作る模様。
BIOS/GPTブートのFreeBSD ZFS環境をUEFI/GPTブートに移行する [のふ処|NOFUDOKORO]
↑とても参考になる
startup.nsh はなくてもOK
By default UEFI will look for a EFI/BOOT/BOOTX64.EFI on the efi partition (which is just a FAT filesystem, you can mount it with msdosfs(5)). Unless those variables have been changed, maybe by a previously installed Windows or Linux installation. That's where efibootmgr(8) comes in handy, you can add/remove/change what gets booted and the order.
In any case:
Code:mount -t msdosfs /dev/ad0p1 /mnt # assuming p1 is the efi partition mkdir -p /mnt/EFI/BOOT cp /boot/loader.efi /mnt/EFI/BOOT/BOOTX64.efiIf you do have a startup.nsh file already in EFI/BOOT, just make sure it has BOOTx64.efi in there, nothing else.
Upper/Lower-case doesn't matter, FAT is not case-sensitive.
$ sudo gmirror insert -v swap ada1p3
gmirror: Not all disks connected.
forget が必要
gmirror forget gm0https://forums.freebsd.org/threads/gmirror-lost-disk-howto-proceed.2828/
参考 手動インストール
FreeBSD 13.1 にて検証したものになります。
オレオレ式、FreeBSDインストール手順 · GitHub
↑とても参考になる
FreeBSD/FreeBSD13-install - NORK's "HOW TO..." Wiki, It's Know How Wiki!
